Self-Assessment, Chapter 2 , Needs

	Self-Assessment, Chapter 2 , Needs

	1. Which of the following is probably NOT a factor in a child's difficulty in pronouncing the word? A Never saw it before and it doesn't obey ordinary spelling rules B Doesn't know the basic spelling rules, so can't sound it out C May have a hearing disorder and may not hear properly D May not know English well enough or may have heard different pronunciations of the words from the standard E May need a bribe
	2. Why is phonics important? A Enables the sounding out of new words B It's better than the whole word method C It has to be learned
	3. Which of the following might NOT help a child to learn to sound out words and pronounce them better? A Ask the child to use the word in writing a sentence or two and then saying it. B Shouting when an error is made C Sounding it out together D Going over pronunciation rules using a dictionary E Using Phonics Pathways and phonics games
	4. Reading fluently means that the child understands what is being read. False True
	5. Not reading fluently means that a child does not understand what is being read. False True
	6. Why is reading fluency important? A It is one of the means of assessing reading that the child has to face at present B Not reading fluently could mean that the child is not understanding because the decoding rules are not yet ingrained. C Being able to read fluently makes it more likely the child will read to someone else and more reading will help with other aspects of reading beyond fluency. D All of the above
	7. Which of the following might NOT assist in gaining fluency? A Make a game in which points are awarded for the number of words read consecutively without error B Ask the child to reread something just read and understood, aiming for greater fluency. C Stopping at each and every error no matter how small D Record the child and play it back. E Ask the child to spend time between tutoring sessions reading to someone who does not read as well.
	8. Vocabulary and grammar are important in comprehension but are not the whole story. False True
	9. Which of the following has NOT been shown to help children learn vocabulary? A Selecting words they are interested in B Selecting words with already familiar concepts C Creating lists of words and definitions to memorize D Reading and listening to words in contexts where most of the rest of the meaning is known.
	10. It is important to ask children regularly what the words mean that they are reading since they won't always ask if they don't know and even if they think they know the word they may not. False True
	11. Why is "Dana tickled Kim " usually easier to understand than "Kim was tickled by Dana" A it's shorter B it is a word order they might not often hear in conversation and don't see often in stories (it's more frequent in nonfiction texts)
	12. Which of the following probably does NOT help learning grammar? A Look at the usage section of a dictionary together. B Encourage the child to read every day and to ask questions frequently. C Ask the child to write something and proofread it together discussing proposed changes. D Reading material that is too easy for the child. E Read articles on a similar topic written in different styles and discuss the differences. F Use games and drills involving grammar.
	13. How can I find ways to check comprehension appropriate for the child I'm tutoring? A See the net link for the California comprehension guidelines by grade level B See the chapter on comprehension C Use a book that already has some comprehension questions in it D All of the above
	14. What the child is reading does not have an influence on the child's tested reading level. False True
	15. Which of the following will probably NOT help build attention span and/or motivation for reading? A Try to keep the child focused on reading for meaning. B Always give in to what the child prefers to do. C Pick things to read that are interesting to the child but a little hard. D Ask the Program Coordinator for suggestions for your particular child. E Try doing something completely different every now and then. F Do several different activities during a session, perhaps focused on one area.
	16. Focusing on phonics is important for young children learning English, but only if they understand almost all the words they are reading. False True
	17. A child learning English can usually use help with pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, fluency and motivation (though his/her needs are often different from those of a native speaker). False True
	18. Why is Chaucer and Shakespeare and the Scottish harder for us today in California to understand than for the old English, Shakespearians and Scots? A Language conventions vary with time and place B Those guys want to be different
	19. If a child speaks or writes in a way that looks errorful to you, it may just be that the child is using a dialect that differs from yours. False True
	20. What may explain why a child reads 'ax' for "ask" A The child may be dyslexic and have trouble with the ordering of letters B The child may have not been paying much attention C The child may speak a dialect in which that is how "ask" is pronounced D all of the above

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